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Showing 57 results for Management

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Volume 1, Issue 1 (7-2013)
Abstract

The social and economic status of contemporary organizations necessitates creative and efficient managers. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural equation modeling in examining the relationship between effectiveness and creativity of managers of sport federations. This study was descriptive and field. Statistical population consisted of all managers, deputy managers and secretaries of Iran sport federations (N=100). The sample equaled the statistical population. For data collection, Hamidi effectiveness questionnaire (α=0.81) and Randsyp creativity questionnaire (α=0.89) were used and finally 80 questionnaires were returned. To test research hypotheses, Kolmogorov – Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient test, one sample t test, multivariate regression in SPSS software and structural equation modeling in Lisrel software. The results showed a positive significant relationship between creativity and effectiveness (r=0.262, p<0.05). Also, regression results showed that effectiveness explained 42.5% of variance in creativity (R2=0.425, p<0.01) and the proper management played the most important role in predicting changes in managers' creativity (β=1.218, p˂0.001). Also, the research model showed the necessary fit and the effect and prediction of managers' effectiveness on their creativity (T=9.12, GFI=0.93, RMSEA=0.079). It was concluded that it is significant to develop effectiveness indexes. It is clear that the interaction between creativity and effectiveness finally leads to development of federation conditions to achieve their goals.
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Volume 1, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of parameters on the performance of knowledge management in Iran physical education faculties. The statistical population consisted of all board members of physical education faculties (n=150). As all subjects were available, the statistical population equaled the statistical sample. Correlation was considered as the statistic used in data analysis (P≤0.05). The method used in this study was application, descriptive-analytical and as the aim of this study was to measure those factors influencing the adoption of knowledge management elements in management, technology, human resources and organizational culture of physical education faculties, correlational approach was used. Also, structural equation was used in this study. A researcher-made questionnaire of knowledge management was used. The reliability was approved by 30 board members and the validity was confirmed by 25 sport management professionals. Review of related literature and field method were used to collect data. The results showed that 1- IT technology and infrastructures as well as quality and speed to gain access to novel information and knowledge. 2- The encouragement of faculty dean for novel ideas and scientific opinions of board members to influence faculty missions had the highest share in knowledge management detection. 3- Private computers in professors’ offices as well as internet facilities and technology infrastructures. 4- The ability of board members to use computers and Microsoft Word and PowerPoint software to efficiently influence and perform faculty missions had the highest share in knowledge perspicuity. 5- Connection infrastructures to accelerate information exchange and knowledge transfer. 6- The belief in forming scientific groups and team activities as well as information exchange with colleagues had the highest share in knowledge collaboration. 7- The design of strategic plans and knowledge-based strategies and planning. 8- Access to computers at the right time, intelligent and proper deployment of technology and internet had the highest share in knowledge evaluation. 9- The ability to use computers and Microsoft Word and PowerPoint software as well as scientific and theoretical profession-related abilities of board members. 10- The effect of technology and information technology on knowledge issuance in physical education faculties had the highest share in knowledge issuance.
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Volume 1, Issue 3 (1-2014)
Abstract

The aim of the current research was to design the structural model of the effect of spiritual leadership on psychological empowerment in faculty members of physical education and sports sciences faculties. Research method was descriptive-survey and field. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members of PE faculties (N=205) and the statistical sample equaled the statistical population. Two questionnaires of Spiritual Leadership (Fry, 2005) and Psychological Empowerment (Spritzers, 1995) were used to collect data. Their validity was investigated by specialists and experts and their reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient respectively as α= 0.89 and α=0.91. Descriptive statistics were used to categorize the findings and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to survey the hypotheses. Also, SEM (Structural Equations Model) was used to propose the model for causal relationship with an emphasis on LISREL9.2. The results showed a significant relationship between the spiritual leadership and its dimensions including the organizational vision, faith to work, altruistic love, membership in organizations, organizational commitment and meaningful work and the empowerment of faculty members (P˂0.05). No significant relationship was found between the performance feedback and the empowerment (P>0.05). In general, there was a significant relationship between the spiritual leadership and the empowerment of faculty members (t=16.50).
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Volume 2, Issue 4 (4-2014)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare women’s role and presence in management positions of sport and non-sport organizations of Khorasan Razavi province. The research method was descriptive of comparative type with was conducted as a field study. The statistical population in sport organizations consisted of all sport chairwomen and vice chairwomen of sport boards in Khorasan Razavi Province (N=43) and all female managers and employees in Sport Organization of Mashhad Municipality (N=34). The statistical population for the non-sport organization consisted of all female managers and employees in Education General Office of Khorasan Razavi province (N=51). Due to the limitation of the subjects, all female employees and managers were selected as the sample. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was established through Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (α=0.83). For data analysis, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, independent t, and U Mann-Whitney tests were applied. The findings revealed a significant difference in gender discrimination, contradiction between work and family, family support and work relationships between sport and non-sport organizations (P≤0.005). Moreover, there was no significant difference in gender stereotype, glass ceiling, and leader support between sport and non-sport organizations (P≥0.005).
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Volume 2, Issue 4 (4-2014)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship in postgraduate students of sport management at Payame Noor University. Statistical population included 700 M.A. students of sport management at Payame Noor University. 248 students were selected as the sample by cluster random sampling method. To achieve the research goals, Siberia Shrink Questionnaire of Emotional Intelligence, and Skarbove and Zimer Entrepreneurship Questionnaire were used. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics including Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Single Sample t student test, liner regression, and multiple regression were used with SPSS. The results indicated that the emotional intelligence of the students was not desirable while their entrepreneurship was average. Besides, there was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship of the students, that is to say emotional intelligence could predict their entrepreneurship. From sub-components of emotional intelligence, self-awareness, empathy and social skills only could predict their entrepreneurship. So it is suggested that students’ emotional intelligence should be improved by instructional courses and it is necessary to include an entrepreneurship course in their syllabus to strengthen their entrepreneurship.
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Volume 2, Issue 5 (7-2014)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to present a successful model in order to implement knowledge management in physical education faculties of Islamic Azad Universities from organizational culture perspective. The statistical population consisted of the scientific members of physical education faculties of Islamic Azad Universities. The validity of the applied questionnaire was obtained from 14 experts and the reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha (α=76.6) and then it was distributed among the population. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. One sample t test was used for data analysis and statistical hypothesis testing. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to identify latent variables. To test the hypotheses, the structural equation model by SPSS and LISREL were used. Findings showed that organizational culture highly influenced the success in implementing knowledge management. So, authorities should consider that the organizational culture is very effective for efficient application of knowledge management and they should change or modify undesirable and ineffective indexes through the management of organizational culture change.


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Volume 2, Issue 5 (7-2014)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between knowledge management and its components and knowledge-based economics in Sport and Youth general office of Khorasan Razavi province. This was a descriptive-correlation study. The statistical population consisted of 82 subjects which was equal to the statistic sample. Sheron Lawson (2003) Knowledge Management Questionnaire and Knowledge-Based Questionnaire of Zahedi and Kheyrandish (2007) were used to collect data. For statistical data analysis, Kolmogorov- Smirnov, Pearson, Durbin Watson, and Multiple Regression tests were applied. The results revealed a significant and positive relationship between knowledge management and its components and knowledge-based economics (P≤0.001). Moreover, the results of Durbin Watson test demonstrated that knowledge management explained 68.8% of knowledge-based economics. Additionally, the indices of knowledge creation (t=3.470, P=0.001) and knowledge organization (t=2.667, P=0.010) had significant and qualified predictive relationships to obtain knowledge-based economics in Sport and Youth general office of Khorasan Razavi. In order to facilitate and accelerate the implementation of knowledge-based economics elements in sports organizations, it is recommended that the appropriate mechanisms should be designed and implemented so that two dimensions of knowledge management including knowledge creation and knowledge organization can be achieved.


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Volume 3, Issue 8 (4-2015)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the barriers to implementation total quality management in sport associations of Bushehr province and to provide appropriate solutions. The statistical population consisted of all presidents, secretaries and vice-presidents of sport associations active in Bushehr province and 120 subjects were selected by purposive non-random sampling method from Jam, Dashtestan, Genaveh and Dayeer cities. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the applied questionnaire as 0.81 and the validity was confirmed by professors and experts. The exploratory factor analysis by SPSS 18 software showed that the barriers under study explained 66% of variance. Finally, barriers to TQM implementation were the lack of an acceptance culture, the lack of constant training and education and the lack of effective management respectively. The lack of an acceptance culture was identified as the most important barrier.


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Volume 3, Issue 8 (4-2015)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate and explain how physical education teachers spend their time as well as to identify time-consuming factors, and their efficiency and analysis at junior high schools. The statistical population consisted of all teachers of physical education at junior high schools in Kurdistan province and 90 teachers were randomly selected as the sample. The methodology of the study was descriptive-correlation and was application in terms of aim. Two standard questionnaires of Time Management (20 items) and Teacher's Efficiency (21 items) were used to collect data based on Likert's 5-point scale. The face validity of the questionnaires was determined and their reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha as α=0.88 for Time Management Questionnaire and α=0.84 for the Efficiency Questionnaire. Spearman rank correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that a positive and significant relationship between the optimal use of time and efficiency and also between objectives, planning and determining priorities and the efficiency of teachers of physical education at junior high schools in Kurdistan province.


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Volume 3, Issue 8 (4-2015)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to rank management and professional factors of sport clubs of private sector in Kermanshah city. The Survey of the Health and Fitness Industry (SHFI) (in two versions: one for managers and the other one for clients) was used. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 12 sports management professors. The reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha as 0.7 and 0.83 for managers and costumers respectively. The statistical population consisted of all managers and clients of sports clubs of private sector in Kermanshah city. The clubs were selected by stratified random sampling method (70 clubs) and the final sample consisted of 70 managers and 400 clients. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and non-parametric Friedman test was used to rank the results. The results indicated that from the club managers’ perspective, communication and managerial skills was the most important factor to manage a club. Appropriate equipment along with qualified coaches were identified as the most important factors to prefer a club by the clients. Although some improvements appeared in this industry, there are still problems hindering this industry from developing in future.


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Volume 3, Issue 9 (7-2015)
Abstract

The aim of this study was the relationship between conflict management styles and the effectiveness of staff in the Sport and Youth offices of Hamadan province. This study was descriptive - correlation and applied in terms of aim. The population consisted of all staff of Sport and Youth offices of Hamadan province (N=140) and 103 subjects were selected based on Morgan Table. Conflict Management Questionnaire of Robbins (1991) and Effectiveness of Staff Questionnaire of Nedaei (2012) were used to collect data (15). The reliability of Conflict Management Questionnaire was 0.88 and Effectiveness of Staff Questionnaire was 0.67 using Cronbach's alpha test. In inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used. The results showed a significant relationship between competition and cooperation conflict management styles and effectiveness of staff (P<0.05) but there was no significant relationship between avoiding conflict management style and effectiveness of staff in Sport and Youth offices of Hamadan province (P<0.05), and the results also showed that conflict management styles were suitable predictors of effectiveness of staff.


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Volume 3, Issue 11 (1-2016)
Abstract

Quantum paradigm in management is one of the new management methods which have received the attention of many scientists of management. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of quantum management on entrepreneurial behaviors of employees of Sport and Youth Organization of Isfahan province. The method of this study was descriptive-correlation and the population included all the managers and staff members of Sport and Youth Organization of Isfahan province in 2015 (N=405). The size of the sample was calculated according to the Kerjcie and Morgan Table (n=196). The method of sampling was stratified random sampling. Two researcher-made questionnaires of quantum management (validity: 0.71, reliability: 0.84) and entrepreneurship (validity: 0.75, reliability: 0.80) were employed. The regression test was used for data analysis. The results indicated that improving innovation, interaction, risk tacking, self-identification and opportunity identification were predicted by quantum seeing, quantum thinking, quantum feeling, quantum knowing, quantum acting, quantum being and quantum trust. Hence, implementing the quantum management methods in Sport and Youth Organization, especially the subset of that organization in Isfahan province, may improve the employees’ entrepreneurial behaviors in that organization.


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Volume 4, Issue 12 (4-2016)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare coaches' knowledge management and service quality from viewpoints of customers of state and private indoor swimming pools of Isfahan city. The research method was descriptive survey. Sample included 308 customers who were selected randomly and divided into two groups: state and private swimming pools. Service Quality Questionnaire (SERVQUAL) and a researcher-made Questionnaire of Knowledge Management of Coaches were used. SERVQUAL consisted of five items: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. To determine the validity of Knowledge Management Questionnaire, content and face validity were used and it was obtained 0.71. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability (α=0.86). The results showed that the mean score of customers' viewpoints on service quality was higher in private swimming pools than the state swimming pools. The results also showed that private pools significantly acted better in tangibles, assurance and responsiveness than state pools. However, there were no significant differences in reliability and empathy between the performances of the two types of swimming pools.


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Volume 4, Issue 13 (7-2016)
Abstract

The importance of generating revenues on one hand and the necessity of paying attention to tourism in sport on the other hand make the significant role of developing tourism clear. In this regard, the present study aimed at presenting a model for sport tourism development in Iran international sport events (case study: volleyball). The method was mixed and applied and the population included members of Sport Tourism Commission of National Olympic Committee, managers of Iran Touring and Tourism Organization, members of Sport Tourism Association of Sport for All Federation, managers of Volleyball Federation, staff managers of Ministry of Sport and Youth and National Olympic Committee and sport management and tourism experts. Census sampling method was used to select sample (n=120) and finally 116 questionnaires were received.  The results showed that legal factors were of more importance in Iran international sport tourism development in volleyball (t=8.6). So it is necessary to build and equip sport tourism centers for volleyball in different climatic regions of the country and to legislate in order to encourage and support domestic and foreign sport tourism investors for volleyball.


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Volume 4, Issue 13 (7-2016)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the environmental components affecting customer relationship management in professional football clubs in Iran. Given the exploratory nature of the issue, qualitative research method was used to determine the most important environmental components affecting customer relationship management in professional football clubs of Iran. Firstly, through preliminary studies, an initial list of effective indicators was identified; then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 sport management faculty members, football experts and administrators and executive managers of Iran football league and clubs. Also, sample was collected by targeted sampling and snowball methods. Results of the open coding suggested that 79 indicators could affect customer relationship management in Iran professional football clubs. Then, the indicators were classified in 28 concepts in an axial coding. Finally, the identified categories resulted from the selective coding including 10 categories, i.e. attitudinal factors, infrastructure conditions, macro environment conditions, risk appetite of clients, management factors, organizational factors, quality and quantity of services and equipment, conditions and risk-taking of customers and fan clubs were determined. Managers of the Iran professional football clubs can use these identified indicators, concepts and categories in their future planning to establish an effective communication with their clients.


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Volume 4, Issue 14 (10-2016)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyze and model the underlying and preventive procedures of aggression among football spectators in Iran football stadiums. Method of this study was correlation and 5955 spectators of all premier league teams were included in the survey (in the midst of the second half-season 2014-2015). A researcher-made questionnaire including four main variables (managerial, performance, context and aggression) (64 items) was used. The questionnaire was designed based on the review of the related literature and interview with experts. Its validity was evaluated by 12 experts and factor analysis (fit index) and it reliability was considered as appropriate by Cronbach’s alpha (0.91). To analyze data, Friedman test (SPSS), structural equations modeling (Amos) and conceptual analysis (systematic pattern) were used. The path analysis of the relationships among the variables showed that the managerial procedure had significant effects on the performance, context and outbreak of aggression procedures (coefficients of 0.74, 0.66 and 0.55 respectively).  Also, the effect of context procedure was significant on the performance and outbreak of aggression procedures (coefficients of 0.88 and 0.71 respectively). Based on the results, it is suggested that controlling systems of spectators' aggression should pay consequence-oriented attention towards behavioral contexts, process-oriented attention towards performance contexts, and predictive-oriented attention towards managerial contexts in football events.


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Volume 4, Issue 15 (1-2017)
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between customer relationship management and brand image of football clubs with the mediating role of brand equity. Research method was descriptive, survey and correlation and statistical population included fans of football premier league clubs (15th round). 385 subjects were selected as the sample using Morgan Table. Data were collected with three standard questionnaires (Sun, Han & Delgado et al.). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and LISREL. Results of structural equation modeling showed a direct relationship between CRM and brand image. There was a significant relationship between CRM and brand equity and also between brand equity and brand image. Finally, there was a positive and significant relationship between CRM and brand image of football clubs with the mediating role of brand equity.

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Volume 4, Issue 15 (1-2017)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify and explain competency pattern of managers in Iran Sport and Youth general offices. The method of this study was application and qualitative. The population consisted of those experts who selected and appointed executive managers in Iran. A combination of theoretical sampling and snowball sampling methods were used to select the sample. The data were collected by a review of documents during a literature review and interviews with sport experts, officials, professionals and managers. Atlas ti software was used to classify and code open, axial and conceptual codes. After coding the data, managers’ competency pattern was explained in 91 concepts, 11 items and 3 categories. After final analysis, competency pattern of Sport and Youth general managers was offered. Concepts and components of the obtained competency were useful for managers in areas such as recruitment, education, human resource development, managers’ education, increased productivity and development of organizational performance. Also, these concepts and components can be used to evaluate Sport and Youth general managers so that the current situation can be examined and steps can be taken to achieve a desirable situation.

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Volume 4, Issue 15 (1-2017)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop the relationship model between knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship with social capital in the Ministry of Sport and Youth. The population consisted of all employees in the Ministry of Sport and Youth with a university degree (bachelor and higher). Cochran formula was used to determine the sample size and at least 160 subjects were selected by simple random sampling method. Funk and Choi (2009) Knowledge Management Processes Scale, Organizational Entrepreneurship Questionnaire and Social Capital Questionnaire of Ashena (2005). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the internal consistency of these questionnaires. For data analysis, Spss-22 and AMOS18 in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics were used. For statistical analysis of data, Pearson correlation test, univariate regression analysis, path analysis and structural equation modeling were used. The findings showed a significant relationship between knowledge management and organizational entrepreneurship and social capital of employees. The amount of the variance showed that the path of social capital to knowledge management explained 35% of the variance in knowledge management and two paths of knowledge management and social capital to organizational entrepreneurship explained 70% of variance of organizational entrepreneurship. Eventually, their relationship model was in a good fit.

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Volume 5, Issue 17 (7-2017)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to design the evaluation model of marketing management in Iran sport federations. The statistical population included all sport management faculty members of physical education faculties, managers of sport federations and experts who were familiar with sport marketing (N=520). On the basis of Morgan Table, 220 subjects were selected as the sample by simple random sampling method. To achieve the goals, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 12 sport management experts and its construct validity was studied and confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability was calculated in a pilot study with 30 subjects as 0.78. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics including Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Bartlet test, KMO, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis by AMOS and SPSS software were used. Findings showed 10 factors played a role in evaluating marketing management in sport federations: capability, sponsors, customers, process, financial, creativity, planning, intangible assets, effectiveness, and advancement respectively. Also, the achieved model had a good fit.
 


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