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The aim of this study was to survey environmental and individual barriers to entrepreneurship in sport for women and providing suggested strategies. Research method was mixed and integration and data were collected by purposive sampling. Statistical population consisted of sport management professors and entrepreneurial women in sport. The questionnaire included 23 items in the form of Likert scale (5 points). The questionnaire reliability was obtained 0.846 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient after the validity had been confirmed. Factor analysis (KMO=0.864, χ2=2138.987) was used to analyze the data. The most important individual barriers to entrepreneurship in sport for women were a lack of financial independence, a lack of experience, lower self-confidence in comparison with men to invest and the most important environmental barriers was a lack of accessibility to resources. Attention and increased social support are necessary to develop entrepreneurship for women as this development in sport develops sport for women and improves lifestyle and supports sport in the whole country. Therefore, with regard to the value added by entrepreneurship, this research supports entrepreneurship for women as the sequence is an improvement in quality of life, health and sport for women.

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Sporting venues as social spaces which are directly related to individuals need to attract more customers for better performance and higher income. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental features of sport areas on attracting customers with respect to the concept of responsive environments. Research method was descriptive-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all customers of Enghelab Sport Complex (N=20000). Base on Morgan Table, 350 subjects were selected by convenience sampling method. A 25-item researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined by α-Cronbach =0.81. In this study, from seven factros of responsive environment, permeability, variety, legibility, robustness, visual appropriateness and richness had a significant relationship with customer attraction in Enghelab Sport Complex. Also, permeability was the most important factor. With regard to these findings, easy accessibility to the sport areas in Enghelab Sport Complex, offering various services and also attractive environment of this sport area were the factors that played a role in customers' choice and they need be receive more attention by managers of this complex.

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The importance of generating revenues on one hand and the necessity of paying attention to tourism in sport on the other hand make the significant role of developing tourism clear. In this regard, the present study aimed at presenting a model for sport tourism development in Iran international sport events (case study: volleyball). The method was mixed and applied and the population included members of Sport Tourism Commission of National Olympic Committee, managers of Iran Touring and Tourism Organization, members of Sport Tourism Association of Sport for All Federation, managers of Volleyball Federation, staff managers of Ministry of Sport and Youth and National Olympic Committee and sport management and tourism experts. Census sampling method was used to select sample (n=120) and finally 116 questionnaires were received.  The results showed that legal factors were of more importance in Iran international sport tourism development in volleyball (t=8.6). So it is necessary to build and equip sport tourism centers for volleyball in different climatic regions of the country and to legislate in order to encourage and support domestic and foreign sport tourism investors for volleyball.

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The aim of this study was to identify the environmental components affecting customer relationship management in professional football clubs in Iran. Given the exploratory nature of the issue, qualitative research method was used to determine the most important environmental components affecting customer relationship management in professional football clubs of Iran. Firstly, through preliminary studies, an initial list of effective indicators was identified; then, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 sport management faculty members, football experts and administrators and executive managers of Iran football league and clubs. Also, sample was collected by targeted sampling and snowball methods. Results of the open coding suggested that 79 indicators could affect customer relationship management in Iran professional football clubs. Then, the indicators were classified in 28 concepts in an axial coding. Finally, the identified categories resulted from the selective coding including 10 categories, i.e. attitudinal factors, infrastructure conditions, macro environment conditions, risk appetite of clients, management factors, organizational factors, quality and quantity of services and equipment, conditions and risk-taking of customers and fan clubs were determined. Managers of the Iran professional football clubs can use these identified indicators, concepts and categories in their future planning to establish an effective communication with their clients.

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 The aim of this study was to investigate those factors affecting the development of wisdom-oriented sport organizations. The research method was survey. The present study was designed to identify and prioritize effective factors. In the first part, the statistical population consisted of university professors, PhD students and managers and experts of the Ministry of Sport and Youth, and 200 of them were selected as the sample of the study by convenience sampling method.  In the second part, the statistical population consisted of experts in the field of wisdom in sport, and 17 of them were selected as the sample by snowball sampling method. In the first part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. In this study, exploratory factor analysis and group AHP method were used. The whole process of analyzing the data was performed in SPSS and Super Decisions software. The results showed that 5 factors (cultural, human, leadership, environment and vision) explained about 75% of the variances of wisdom-oriented development. The results of the ranking showed that leadership factors with a normal score of 0.318 were most important in the development of wisdom-oriented sport organizations. Therefore, the improvement of wisdom-orientation in sport organizations depends largely on leadership and its related indicators, which creates conditions to improve wisdom-orientation in sport organizations.

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 The aim of this study was to analyze the great barriers to the commercialization of sport management knowledge. The present study was descriptive-analytic that was conducted as a field. The statistical population included sport management experts who had the proper knowledge, experience and expertise in sport management and commercialization of knowledge. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. In order to structure the barriers affecting the commercialization of sport management knowledge, interpretive structural modeling and exploratory factor analysis method were used. Therefore, SPSS software was used for exploratory factor analysis. The MicMac software was used to investigate and analyze the interpretive structural modeling. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that totally 6 factors (management, infrastructure, educational, cultural, financial and personal) included 85.976% of the total variance of the items. The results also showed that personal, skill and environmental barriers were key independent barriers that affected other barriers. According to these findings, it was determined that it is necessary to pay attention to some personal, skill and environmental barriers in order to develop the commercialization of knowledge of sport management and there should be planning to eliminate these barriers.

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The present study aims to investigate the contextual, environmental and strategies capacities making the countrychr('39')s sports were done. The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative), in the qualitative part the phenomenological method was used and in the quantitative part the descriptive-survey method was used. The statistical sample was in the qualitative section of 11 people specialists and experts in the field of sports management in the country and the statistical population in the quantitative section included all managers and elites of sports management in the country, including general managers, heads of federations and faculty members of sports management. Sampling method in the qualitative section targeted and in a small part, the non-random sampling method was targeted a total of 270 people were selected for the statistical sample.  Data collection tools in the qualitative part of the semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part, the questionnaire was made by a researcher. Data analysis in the qualitative part of the thematic analysis method Based on open coding and quantitatively, they were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and second-order confirmatory factor analysis in SPSS 21 and Lisrel 8 software. The results showed that the contextual factors (human resources, finance, foreign relations and networks, planning and development and market development), environmental (readiness, information technology, innovation and knowledge management) and strategies (Development of substrates, development of structures) on capacity making sports in the country has effective role. The result can be focused on underlying factors, environment and strategies In line with
Capacity building of the countrychr('39')s sports has taken effective steps.

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The purpose of this study was to design a model for the development of NAJA championship sports. The research method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section was the professors and faculty members of sports management, managers and experts of NAJA championship sports. In the quantitative section, it included managers, coaches and athletes of NAJA sports. Statistical sample in the qualitative part was 10 person, and in the quantitative part for each question of the questionnaire 5 to 10 people were required that 324 people were selected purposefully. The measurement tool of this research was a researcher-made questionnaire developed by NAJA Championship Sports. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the initial questionnaire item and to fit the model, structural equation path analysis was used using SPSS software version 20 and PLS version 2. The results of structural equation modeling showed that political, social, economic, educational, environmental, social and technology perspectives are effective in the development of NAJA championship sports. Therefore, according to each of the identified factors, such as developing strategic plans in NAJA championship sports, international agreements in NAJA championship sports, attracting support facilities from public and private bodies, using the reward system to increase the motivation of athletes it is suggested.

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The aim of this reasearch was to investigate the competence of Iranian sports managers with world-class management of the sports industry through the calculation of environmental trends in this field with a futures study approach. For this aim, using the approach of environmental scanning ( including: Delphi methods, studies of reports, numerous articles and books in the field of sports industry, world class management, other related sciences and political / legal, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental analysis), Effective trends are identified and described in terms of importance. As a result, 89 effective environmental trends are counted and categorized into five main groups (political / legal, economic, socio-cultural, technological, environmental). In the next step, in order to compare the data obtained from the experts' agreement, factor analysis was used in the SPSS 22 software environment. The identified trends have a positive and significant effect on the future formation of competencies of sports managers with world-class management. Most trends were identified and prioritized. As a result, in the technological dimension (growth of the hologram industry), in the economic dimension (control of transactions and financial markets with the help of artificial intelligence), in the political / legal dimension (influence of soft power in the international sports environment), in the social dimension (increasing the role of women managers in Sports scene) and in the environmental dimension (growth of green management) were identified as the most important trends and changes. Finally, the effect of technology dimension with a factor load of 0.881 and an average of 4.36 is of the greatest importance on the competence of sports managers with world-class management in the sports industry. Given the dynamic conditions of the sports industry, success in this field requires future research, strategic thinking and long-term planning. Strengthening strategic planning and thinking requires forward-looking decisions to succeed in the competitive environment of the sports industry, and strategic foresight must be used as an important factor in creating, creating and achieving competitive advantage. Therefore, recognizing these trends can be a good model for sports managers and policy makers to develop strategic planning.

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Attracting the students’ participation in university recreational sports, require a systematic model and plan. The aim of this study was to design a model of recreational sport activities for students of Islamic Azad University. This research has an applied orientation and is a mixed research in terms of data type, which had an exploratory aim in the qualitative part and a survey strategy in the quantitative part. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of managers and faculty members related to the research subject, 22 of whom were selected by purposive quota sampling method. The statistical population of the quantitative section consisted of 381 individuals who were the educational managers in different branches of Azad University. According to the condition of sufficient sample size for factor analysis, 200 of them were selected by stratified random sampling. The method of data collection in the quantitative section, were library-based research and semi-structured interviews up to the point of saturation in data collection, and at the quantitative stage a researcher-made questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by experts. Delphi method was implemented for qualitative analysis of the research variables, and for data analysis, statistical methods of factorial analysis and confirmatory factorial analysis and the goodness of fit indices (Freedman) were used in SPSS and LISREL software. The results depicted that the research model has three behavioral, organizational and environmental levels with 12 components. The model also has a favorable fit. There was no significant difference between the mean ratings of model levels (P> 0.05, x2 = 5.891). The most important component of behavioral level was structural factors; organizational level, organization and environmental level, economic. This model indicates that student participation in the recreational sports at University is influenced by a wide range of areas that should be considered in the development of strategies and policies, relevant managers.

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Sport places are the most important of software section in sport and one of bases of healthy system in society that their sustainable development is one of main duty of sport managers, thus this paper aims to develop a model of sustainable development in sport places based on the H3SE model. The statistical population of this paper encompasses all experts, sport places managers and professors in the field of sport places that according to SPSS Sample Power software, the sample size is determined to include 100 people. The data gathering tool in this paper was a researcher-made questionnaire, in which the questions are obtained by carefully studying the literature review as well as discussing with experts in the field of sport. The data gathering tool was designed according to 5 components (health and ergonomics, safety, security, human resources, and environment) and 25 items (each component has 5 items). The obtained Cronbach's alpha in this paper is above 0.85. As the four tests of Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, Spearman correlation reliability of questions, and shared reliability had acceptable results, the construct reliability of the model is confirmed. Moreover, the construct validity of the model is confirmed by measuring the model test in the form of equation modeling. The results show that the items of human resources, security, safety, health and ergonomics, and environment have a significant role in the sustainable development of sport places according to priority. Considering to sport places sustainable development model in society healthy system, sport promotion in all sections, sport managers can use of this research results.

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The aim of this study was to test the fit of the structural model of the relationship between green human resource management and environmental performance of the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth mediated by environmentally friendly behaviors. The research method was descriptive-correlational and was done by modeling structural equations in the maximum likelihood method. The statistical population included all employees of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and 261 subjects were selected by available sampling method. For data collection, Farokhi et al.'s Green Human Resource Management Questionnaire (2017), Shah Veisi Environmental Performance Questionnaire (2014), and Thompson and Burton Environmental Friendly Behavior Questionnaire (1994) were used. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling through SPSS and AMOS software at a significant level of 0.05. The results showed that the path coefficient between green human resource management and environmentally friendly behavior as well as between environmentally friendly behavior and environmental performance is significant and the path coefficient between green organizational resource management and environmental performance is not significant. The results of goodness-of-fit indices showed that the hypothesized research model fits with the research data. Finally, the results obtained from the bootstrap method showed that there is a significant indirect relationship between green human resource management and environmental performance through the structure of environmentally friendly behavior, but its mediating role was not confirmed. Compensation programs can lead to the realization of green human resource management programs in employees and increase the level of environmentally friendly behaviors.